Television type facsimile transmission system



June 16, 1953 J. H. HAMMOND, JR 2,642,492

TELEVISION TYPE FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM Filed Dec. 11, 1948 3 Sheets-Sheet l TRANSMITTER 2 lfl -47 souncr. m L

AUDIO VIDEO CONTROL cONsOLE. AUDIO AUDIO s-rumo i i STUDIO MM vlozo VIDEO 2 I 3 NEWS VIDEO AUDIO 20 IREV.

SYNC.

MOTOR cow-r1201.

CAMERA GENERATOR i I 24 L I I Ihwentor JOHN HAYS HAMMOND,JR..

.Gltomeg June 16, 1953 J. H. HAMMOND, JR 5 5 TELEVISION TYPE FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM Filed Dec. 11, 1948 5 Sheets-Shet 2 azczwaa j JQHN HAYS HAMMOND, JR.

Gttomeg 3nveritdt June 16, 1953 J, H. HAMMOND, .J-R 2,642,492

TELEVISION TYPE FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM Filed Dec. 11, 1948 a Sheets-Sheet a 230/ 35k 23f 38 fi Zak/ $2 253 1 23 I 23' HMIFI 25 Patented June 16, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TELEVISION TYPE FACSIMILE TRANSRHSSION SYSTEM John Hays Hammond, Jr., Gloucester, Mass. Application December 11, 1948, Serial No. 64,808

Claims. 1 1

Thi invention relates to television and more specifically to a system for transmitting news on any desired schedule.

The invention comprises means in connection with a standard television system for scanning and transmitting a, news sheet and transmitting a characteristic control signal which operates means at the receiver causinga set of mirrors to be moved into position'between the kinescope and a camera and to photograph the news sheet when it appears on the kinescope subsequent to which the film-is processed and is placed in position to be torn ofi and used as a news sheet.

The invention'also consists in certain new and original features of construction and combina tions of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed;

Although the novel features which are believed to be characteristic of this invention will be particularly pointed out in the claims appended hereto, the invention itself, as to its objects and advantages, th mode of its operation and the manner of its organization may be better understood by referring to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof, in which Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a television transmitting system constructed in accordance with the invention,

Fig. 2 isa diagrammatic view of a television receiving system used in connection with the transmitting system shown in Fig. 1, I

Fig. 3 i a diagrammatic showing of a control generator suitable for use with the invention, and

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic showing of a control mechanism suitable for use in practicing the invention.

In the following description parts will be identified by specific, names for convenience, but they are intended to, be generic in their application to similar parts.

Referring to the drawings and more particularly to Fig. 1, the'transmitting system consists of a standard television transmitter. I-l,'a control console I2, two studios I 3"and [4 anda news room l5. The control console is connected to the transmitter l l by an audio. channel. [6 and a video channel H, to the two studios l3 and I4 by two audio channels l8 and I9 and two video channels 21 and 22 respectively. I

The news room I5 comprises a control generator 23, a television camera 24 and a timing mechanism 25;

on by external shorting of the contacts 32, as by commutator 28 of the application. This reduces the positive voltag on the cathode to permit current to flow and the tube to oscillate. Signal is delivered to line 31. The tuned plate inductive feedback oscillator with cathode keying selected for illustrative purposes is disclosed in Fig. 7 of the U. S. patent to Chafiee No. 1,610,425. A similar keying system is disclosed on page 225 of the 1944 edition of The' Radio Amateurs Handbook of theAmerican' Radio Relay League.

A distinctive signal is to be delivered toline 31 during theexternal' closureiof contacts 32. Forthis 'purpose there is'providedan audio, oscillator triode 23a, the filament of which is h'eated by a battery 23bconnected-toone end of the filament, the other end ofwhich is'connected to ground line 23cand the negative of'the'battery. The plate circuit is powerized by the battery 23d, the negative end of whichis connected to-ground line 23c, and the positive-end of which is connected through inductor 23c paralleled by capacitor 23 to the plate anode of triode 23a. The positive end of battery 23d is also connected through resistor 239 to the cathode of the triode 23a, which in turn is connected through resistor -Control generator 23 is a simple: electronic I jaudio oscillator with single frequency, which is so connected that the oscillation-can be. switched 23h. paralleled by capacitor 23i to ground line 230. The cathode is also connected through resistor 23 to one side of the contacts 32, the other side 30- of which is connected to ground line 230. The grid of 23a is connected through inductor 23k: toground line 230, with the inductor-"suitably coupled to inductor 23c. One side of output line 31 is connected'to-ground line 230 and the other to a suitable tap on the inductor 23k.

Circuit constants are such that normally the cathode of the :triode is' positively biased sufiiciently by the current flowing through resistors 23g and 23h so that no'current flows through the triode tube, andno oscillations can occur. When, however, the connection is made externally across the contacts 32 by operation of the commutator segment 28, resistor 231' is placed in parallel with resistor 23h. This lowers the positive bias on the isgmore positive if they are included.

which is mounted a commutator 21 which is made of insulating material and is provided with a contact segment 28. The synchronous motor 26 and other similarly described motors may have speed reducing gears built into the motors so that the shaft rotates at a suitably low .speed. A 60 cycle or other suitable A. 0. generator 29 is provided which is connected through the control console l2 to the motor 26 in such a way that when the control console indicator 3| is turned to News the motor 26 will cause the commutator 21 to mak one complete revolution in a clockwise direction and come to rest in its initial position. Engaging the commutator 21 are two sets of contacts 32 and 33, the former being connected to the control generator 23 and the latter being connected in the video output circuit 36 of the camera 24 which is connected to the control console. A news sheet 35 is shown as placed in position to be viewed by the camera 25. The control generator 23 is connected to the control console I2 by an audio channel 31.

Referring to Fig. 2 the receiving system comprises a television receiver 40, a loud speaker 4| and a kinescope 42. For recording and printing the news flashes a control mechanism 43 is provided together with a camera 44, a feeding mechanism 45, a timing mechanism 46, a mirror system 41 and'a time clock 48. 7

Control mechanism '43 is a'simple circuit in which the clock controlled line '53 turns'on the filament of a selective amplifier tube. This drives a rectifier and a relay in an obvious manner to put D. C. power on line B3 to operate solenoid 86. The control mechanism 43 includes, illustratively, an electron tube with an untuned plate circuit, which drives a rectifier circuit to operat a relay and thereby powerize line 83. A similar circuit is shown, for example, in-Fig. 1 of U. SfPatent No. 1,522,883. The use of diode or crystal rectifiers driven from the output of an amplifier is shown in Fig. l of U. S. Patent 1,998,617 where elements 31 and 32 correspond to elements 432) and 430 of Fig. 4; and where the system 33, 34, 35, 36 and 37 is an electromagnetic system' driven from the rectifier output corresponding to 43d of Fig. 4.

Control mechanism 43 is constructed to develop a D. C. voltage across line 83 for actuating solenoid 82, in response to a signal of suitable strength and suitable characteristics impressed upon line 52. Preliminary to functioning, the system is rendered operative by external shorting of the clock controlled line 53. The circuit includes a selective amplifier tri'ode 4311., a pair of rectifiers 43b, 430, a relay 43d and a filament transformer 43c. The grid of amplifier 33a, is connected to ground line 439 through autotransformer 43/, a tap on which is connected to one side of lin 52, the other side of which is connected to ground line 43g. The cathode is connected to ground line 43;] by resistor 43h paralleled by capacitor 432'. Plate power isprovided by battery 437', the negative end of which is connected to ground and the positive end of which is connected through inductor 43k paralleled by capacitor 43L to the plate anode of trio'de 430.. This circuit 43k, 43L is tuned to the operating frequency corresponding to that supplied by block 23 above described. Coupled to inductor 43k is a secondary inductor43m,theends of which ar connected to theanodes ofrectifiers 43b and 430. The cathodes are connected through the winding of relay 43d and a resistor '4 4311. to a center tap on inductor 43m. The relay winding is shunted by capacitor43o. The filament transformer is connected to a power source 53p when the circuit 53 is closed, and this then supplies current to the filament of triode 43a to render it operative. The moving blade 43: of relay 43d 'is connected to the positive end of battery 437', the negative grounded end of which is connected to one side of output line 83. The fixed contact 431' of the relay is connected to the other end of line 83.

In operation, after the time clock ha connected the filament transformer 436 to the power source, the system becomes responsive to a control signal of suitable frequency and strength impressed from line 52, such as the 10,000 cycle signal transmitted over the audio channel from block 23. This signal is amplified by tube 43a,

' and by resonance in the plate circuit energizes the rectifiers in push-pull manner to produce direct currentt'hrough thewinding of relay 43d. Upon closure, the battery 437' is connected across th output line to operate solenoid-8,2. It will be understood that normal audio sound signals will not have sufficient components in the vicinity of 10,000 cycles to cause actuation of therelay. It willbe further understood that the circuit can be improved, if necessary, by use of further audio and D. C. amplifiers, and by use of circuits which are more sharply responsive to the desired signal.

The receiver 40 is connected to the kinescope- 42 by a video channel 5! and to the loud speaker 4| and control mechanism 43 by an audio chan: nel 52. The time clock 48 is connected by a circuit -53 to both the receiver 40 and the control mechanism 43; r

r The camera 45 is mounted behind anopening 55 in :a' panel 56, which formspart of thecasing of the receiving system. The camera 44 is provided with a film 51 which is initially wound-on a'spool 58 and then; passes over a roller 59 and through a processing chamber Bl. Afteremerg ing from the processingchamber 0| the film 51 passes between two rollers 62 and 163 in the feeding mechanism 45 andgthrough a V-shaped slot 68 in a member 63. :Mounted on the shaft of the roller 63 is a worm wheel '64 which meshes with a worm gear 65 mounted :onthe shaft'of asynchronous motor 66,-whichat suitable times is supplied with-current from an A. 'C'. source 61.

The timing mechanism Ali-comprises a synchronous motor H on the shaft of which'are mounted two commutators l2 and 13. The commutators 12 and 13 are made of insulating material and are provided with contact segments M and 15 respectively. The motor H is connected to the source of A. C. 61. Engaging the commutator 13 are three sets of contacts 16, H and 18. The contacts 16 and 1 8 are connected in parallel and are in a circuit including the. motor 66 and the A. C. source 61. The contacts 11. are in a circuit including a battery 19 and the shutter mechanism -Bl of the camera 44." Mounted .ad-

jac'ent to thecommutatorfl'lZ is a solenoid 182 which is connected by-a circuit .83 to the-control mechanism 43. V The solenoid 82 1s provided with a core 84 to whichis secureda collar 85 between which and the solenoid .82 -is mounted a coil spring 86. When the. core 84 is extended it engages or is in the path of a pin 81 mounted on the commutator 12'. p

The mirror system 41 comprises two'plane mirrors 9! and 92 whichare pivotally connected totwo sets of arms 93-94 and -95-'9.6, the'other ends of which are pivoted to two brackets 97 and 98 mounted on'the backof the-panel 56 .wSuitab1e slots such as m and'I02 are provided in the panel 56 to allow the mirrors and arms to'move into the positions shown in dotted lines at I03 and I04. Secured to one end ofthe arms 93 and 95 are two short arms I05 and .I06the end of which are connected by' two links I01 and I08 to the core I09 of a solenoid I I I. To the core I09 is attached one end of a tension spring II2 the other end of which is secured to the panel 56. The winding of the solenoid III is connected through a battery II3 to a pair of contacts II4 which engage the commutator I2. I

Operation The news sheet 35 is placed in position in front of th television camera 24 and control generator 23, and transmitter II are turned on. At the receiver, shown in Fig. 2, the time clock 48, which may have been set at 5 a. m. the night before, operates at that time to close the circuit through channel 53, which turns on the receiver 40 and control mechanism 43. After 'waiting a few minutesthe operator at the control console I2 turns the indicator 3I to the News position, as shown in Fig. 1. This closes a circuit from the A. C. source 29 to the synchronous motor 26 which starts rotating the commutator 2I inthe direction of the arrow. As the commutator 21 rotates the segment 28 will engage the contacts 32 thus causing the control generator 23 to send worm'65 and gear 64will'rotate the roller 63 in the direction'of the arrow.'-This will cause the exposed portion-of thefilm5l to be'drawn into the processing chamber; 6 I where it' will remain,

as by this time the'segnientfi 'will'hav'e moved stopping the motor 66 out of "engagement with the' contacts I8 thus The film SI'remains 'ih th'e procfessing chamber 6| a predetermined time depending on the nature of the process. At the end of this timeinterval the segment "I5 will engagethe contacts 16 thus starting the motor 66 which' ag'ain will rotate the 84 of the solenoid 82 which became deenergized at the cessation of the control signal.

7 After a suflicient interval of time has elapsed to complete these operations the time clock 48 will break the circuit 53 thus turning off the receiver 40 and control mechanism 43. The system will then be in the inoperative condition and will be ready to receive a second telecast of news at out a distinctive signal on the audio channels 31 and I6 to the transmitter II which sends it as a radio signal for a brief interval of time.

This distinctive audio signal is picked up at the receiver 40, Fig. 2, and passes to the control mechanism 43, the circuits of which are responsive to this particular type of signal. After a predetermined time interval, depending upon the characteristics of the audio circuits, a control signal will be sent out over the circuit 83 which will energize the solenoid 82 causing the core 84 to be retracted, which will free the pin 81. The two commutators I2 and I3 then start rotating in the directions of the arrows under the action of the synchronous motor I I.

As the commutator I2 rotates the segment I4 will engage the contacts I I4 thus closing a circuit through the solenoid III. This will cause the core I09 to be moved to the left, which by means of the links I01 and I08 and the arms 93-96 will cause the mirrors 9I and 92 to be moved into the positions shown in dotted lines at I03 and I04. In this position the light from the screen of the kinescope 42 is reflected onto the shutter of the camera 44.

will be received by the receiver 40 and will be reproduced on the screen of the kinescope 42 in the usual manner. At this instant the commutator I3 will have rotated so that the segment I5 will engage th contacts 11 which will operate the shutter mechanism BI of the camera 44, to take a picture of the news sheet on the film 51.

As the commutator I2 continues to rotate the segment I4 will disengage the contacts II4 thus deenergizing the solenoid III. This will allow the core I09, link I01 and I08, arms 9396 and mirrors 9I and 92 to return to their initial positions under the action of the spring I I2. As the commutator 13 rotates the segment I5 will engage the contacts I8 closing a circuit through the some futur time as determined by the setting of the time clock 48.

If it is desired to use the system for straight television the indicator 3I of the control console I2 is turned to either studio 1 or 2, the receiver 40 is turned on and a regular television program is transmitted and reproduced on the screen of the kinescope 42 in the usual manner.

Although only a few of the various forms in which this invention may be embodied have been shown herein, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to'any specific construction but might be embodied in various forms without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is: r

1. A system for utilizing television type transmission for the facsimile transmission of a still picture during a time pause in the transmission of a television program, comprising a television transmitter including a television camera adapted to scan an image for transmission to a remote point, a television receiver including a kinescope having a screen on which the image is reproduced, a photographic camera containing a, sensitized film normally disposed out of the path of the rays from said screen, a normally inoperative optical system, means at said transmitter to produce a predetermined control signal, means at the receiver responsive to said control signal to shift said optical system into a position to direct the rays from said screen onto said photographic camera, shutter control means for said photographic camera, timed means responsive to said control signal to actuate said shutter control means for photographing the image on said screen onto said sensitized film, processing means for said film and timed means for advancing the exposed film from said camera through said processing means. i

2. A system, a set forth in claim 1, in which said optical system comprises mirrors mounted for movement between inoperative and operative positions and shiftable'in response to said control signal.

3. A system, as set forth in claim Lincluding timed mean synchronized by the transmitter control signal for actuating the shutter control aeaaaez,

means to cause said receiverto complete a. cycle 8; for the facsimile reproduction oi'said .image in response to each transmission of said control signal. 1 r

' JOHN HAMMOND, JfR. References Cited in the file of this patent,

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name 7 Date, Y

2,174,490 Somers Sept. 26, 1939 2,420,029 Brady May 6, 1947- 

